You can actually see underwater (badly!) without it hurting your eyes. One of the key skills of a scuba diver is to take off your mask, lob it over your shoulder, then go find it and put it back on again!
Another question I’m not too sure of but I’ll have a good go! I would have thought it has something to do with the way their eyes have evolved to cope with the different environment underwater. I assume their corneas are much tougher and less sensitive than ours. They may also have a different aqueous/vitreous humour composition to our eyes to make them more flexible and able to cope with the increased pressures underwater. Of course there is an alternative answer…it DOES sting and they just can’t tell us that!! 😉
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